Arraid Journal of Science and Technology ( AJST)

Stomach Content Analysis of Suez pufferfish (Lagocephalus suezensis) in Derna coast, Libya (Mediterranean Sea) and Hurghada coast, Egypt ( Red Sea)

2026-06-30T09:19:36+00:00

This study provides a comparative analysis of the stomach contents of the Lessepsian migrant pufferfish, Lagocephalus suezensis (family Tetraodontidae), across two distinct populations: the native population along the Hurghada coast (Red Sea, Egypt) and the migrant population along the Derna coast (Eastern Libyan Mediterranean Sea). A total of 283 specimens were collected monthly between January and December 2022 using trawl nets at depths ranging from 15 to 50 meters. The investigation focused on annual and monthly diet compositions, ontogenetic shifts in feeding habits related to fish length, and overall feeding intensity. The results indicate that L. suezensis is a generalist carnivore with a preference for benthic invertebrates, though diet composition varied significantly between the two locations. Along the Derna coast (n=133), crustaceans were the predominant prey group (55.7%), followed by bony fish (22.3%), marine worms (14.4%), mollusks (4.4%), and foraminifera (3.2%). Conversely, the Hurghada population (n=150) primarily consumed mollusks (41.3%), supplemented by crustaceans (26.4%), bony fish (17.9%), echinoderms (11.3%), and incidental sediments (3.1%). While mollusks, crustaceans, and bony fish were present in the diet throughout the year and across all size classes at both stations, clear ontogenetic shifts were observed. The consumption of mollusks, marine worms, foraminifera, and echinoderms decreased as fish size increased, whereas the preference for larger prey, such as crustaceans and bony fish, showed a positive correlation with fish length. Feeding intensity also exhibited seasonal fluctuations: in Derna, peak activities were recorded during spring (82.3%) and autumn (68.9%), while the Hurghada population reached its maximal feeding rate in autumn (82.4%). These findings highlight the adaptability of L. suezensis to different environments and its potential impact on local benthic communities.

Design and Implementation of an Automated Embedded Control System for Alzheimer's Patients' Medication Reminders

2026-06-30T09:29:11+00:00

Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes severe memory loss and cognitive difficulties in elderly people, affecting their daily activities and time awareness. One of the main challenges for families and caregivers is ensuring that patients take their prescribed medications on time. When patients forget their pills or take a double dose, it leads to serious health problems and increases the stress on their caregivers. In this work, a low-cost and reliable embedded control system is designed and implemented to solve this problem. The hardware system uses an ATmega328P microcontroller connected to a high-precision DS3231 Real-Time Clock (RTC) module. This synchronization ensures accurate time tracking even during main power cuts or electrical fluctuations. To notify the caregiver immediately, a SIM800L Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) cellular module is connected to the system. The device uses local alarms, including a buzzer for sound alerts and Light Emitting Diode (LED) lights for visual indicators, to remind the patient. Patient compliance is tracked using a magnetic reed sensor on the medication box compartment. When the patient opens the box, the sensor registers the action. Experimental testing of the physical prototype showed excellent stability, with accurate timing results and a cellular message transmission time of less than 4.5 seconds using local networks. The developed system offers a simple and robust assistive technology solution suitable for healthcare environments in Libya.

AUTOMATIC DAM GATE BASED ON PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROL (PLC)

2026-06-30T09:38:06+00:00

This paper presents the design and implementation of an automated dam gate control system using a programmable logic controller (PLC). The main objective of this system is to enhance the efficiency and safety of dam operation by automating the regulation of water flow through the dam gates. This system integrates a variety of sensors, including water level sensors and flow sensors, to monitor conditions in real-time and make informed decisions. The PLC acts as a central processing unit, executing predefined algorithms to control the opening and closing of the dam gates based on collected data. This automated system not only reduces human intervention but also reduces the risk of operational errors and improves response time through rapid execution during floods. This abstract highlights the experimental results of the system. The system has proven effective in reducing flood and flash flood risks, in addition to contributing to improved water resource management.

The Effectiveness of Using Fourier Series to Solve the Simulation of Gearbox and Rotor Dynamics using MATLAB and Simulink Software

2026-06-30T09:48:58+00:00

This research explores the application of Fourier series as a mathematical tool to simulate the intricate dynamics of mechanical systems, specifically gearboxes and rotors. By leveraging MATLAB and Simulink, the study decomposes periodic mechanical forces into their harmonic components to analyze vibrational behavior. The methodology integrates signal generation, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based frequency analysis, and noise simulation to validate real-world operational conditions. The findings demonstrate the precision of Fourier series in modeling gear mesh and rotor imbalance frequencies, offering engineers an advanced framework for vibration analysis, predictive maintenance, and mechanical system optimization.

Employee Acceptance of E-Government in Developing Nations

2026-06-30T10:00:41+00:00

Internal service providers usually create e-government, frequently ignoring the service end user. Without giving the service user's wants and expectations enough thought during the design process, subsequent service delivery may be in danger. However, it might be challenging for the service provider to fulfil the expectations and wants of potential users and include them in an iterative design process when creating e-services for a diverse user base.

By concentrating on the deployment of an e-government system, this study tackles the challenge of identifying the elements that motivate workers to embrace ICT technologies used in developing nations. Relevant data were used in the development of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Usage of Technology (UTAUT) and its modified version (UTAUT2).

Investigate the effect of various cutting parameters on the surface roughness of aluminum alloy 5052 by using Taguchi method

2026-06-30T10:10:55+00:00

The characteristic surface finish of the machining is the mostly important characteristics of products quality and its indispensable customers’ requirement. Taguchi robust parameters designs for optimizing for surface finish in turning of 5052 AL-Alloy using carbide cutting thas been utilized in this paper. Using the Taguchi method for AA5052 aluminum alloy machining reveals that feed rate, cutting speed, and depth of cut significantly impact surface roughness, with feed rate often being the dominant factor, followed by speed, then depth. The results showed that lower feed rates (e.g., 0.1 mm/rev) and higher cutting speeds (e.g., 900 rpm) generally yield the best (lowest) surface roughness (Ra), while optimal depth of cut varies but often favors lower values. ANOVA and Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio analyses confirm parameter significance, allowing prediction of optimal settings for improved quality.

Finally, the relationship between the cutting parameters and the response variables was established using regression analysis implemented in MINITAB 16 software. The predicted values obtained from the developed regression models were compared with the corresponding experimental results. The comparison revealed a close agreement between the predicted and experimental values, indicating that the developed models are accurate and adequately represent the machining process.

التصميم والتحليل الإنشائي لقاعدة خلاط صناعي لتحسين كفاءة خلط المواد المضافة في تكرير الزيوت النباتية

2026-06-30T15:35:54+00:00

Vegetable oils play a central role in the food industry and undergo several refining stages designed to remove impurities and improve their physicochemical properties. Among these stages, the addition of color-adjusting or nutrient-enhancing materials—such as beta-carotene or specific vitamins—requires a high degree of mixing uniformity to ensure consistent product quality. This study examines the design and structural analysis of an industrial mixer base developed specifically for this stage of processing. The work combines three components: three-dimensional modeling, finite element analysis, and practical fabrication using modern industrial manufacturing techniques.

The simulation results indicate that the proposed design provides strong mechanical stability, with stress levels remaining well below the material’s yield limit. Only minimal deformation was observed, suggesting that the mixer shaft maintains its alignment under operating conditions. Taken together, these findings show that refining the mechanical design of the mixer base can meaningfully enhance mixing performance and support more reliable addition of functional materials in vegetable oil refining plants.

تحليل مقارن للأداء الديناميكي لخوارزميتي التحكم الضبابي والاضطراب والملاحظة في أنظمة الطاقة الكهروضوئية

2026-06-30T15:59:43+00:00

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms attempt to maximize the output of photovoltaic cells․ The effectiveness of an MPPT mechanism is important when the operating point changes considerably due to solar irradiance changes․ Although the P&O algorithm is the most common MPPT algorithm‚ it has slow response and oscillations․ In this paper‚ a detailed comparison between the P&O and FLC algorithms is made in a single MATLAB/Simulink environment․ The performance was quantified in terms of efficiency‚ settling time‚ oscillation‚ and transient power loss at the different radiation levels of 200-1000 W/m²․ The FLC algorithm had an efficiency of 98% (much higher than the P&O algorithm) and had over 60% lower settling time and over 60% lower oscillation․ The transient power loss was also considerably less than that of the P&O algorithm․ This shows the potential for a more stable and efficient dynamic response when applying fuzzy control methods for the control of photovoltaic (PV) systems.