استخدام وسائل كبح التموج لإحتواء المطرقة المائية بمنظومة شرق الحساونة - فزان

الملخص

Pipelines are often designed based on steady state condition which is the case to which the pipes are subjected to during the design life period through the normal operation of the system. Although this steady state prevails most of the time, the change in operating condition, and hence the change from from steady to unsteady state imposes itself every now and then. This change in operating condition may include closing or opening valves, starting or stopping pumps or the like, which results change in the velocity of flow and leads to pressure fluctuations up and down, which is known as the phenomenon of waterhammer in pipelines.The waterhammer transients causes two unacceptable conditions:

• Pressures too high - exceeding the pipes' design pressure rates leading to permanent deformation or rupture of pipeline and components, damage to joints, leakage out of the pipelines causing wastage, environmental contamination, and fire hazards.
• Pressures too low - may cause collapse of pipelines, leakage into the pipelines at joints and seals under sub atmospheric conditions and if it reaches fluid vapour pressure it leads to cavitation and column separation.

The waterhammer pressure transients is a serious problem which can cause functional or actual failure of the pipeline system.   This paper discusses the effects of waterhammer on pipelines and select the appropriate suppression devices.  It also verifies the influence of pump and motor inertia on the propagation of pressure wave and estimation of surge vessel sizes.